Sarah Nilsson JD, PhD, MAS
Sarah NilssonJD, PhD, MAS

Prepare for your Remote Pilot Certificate with sUAS rating (Part 107) written knowledge test.

Start by clicking on the images/links below and downloading the FAA material

 

Material last updated on July 13, 2023

 

April 2021 - FAA-S-ACS-10B - Remote Pilot - sUAS - Aircrew Certification Standards (ACS) is an FAA document used to communicate a means to evaluate the aeronautical knowledge standards for certification knowledge testing for a Remote Pilot Certificate with sUAS rating.

 

The following web pages (Test Prep 1- 14) are aimed at preparing you for the Remote Pilot Certificate with sUAS rating written certification knowledge test.

 

FAA views ACS as the foundation of its transition to a more integrated and systematic approach to aircrew certification.

 

ACS is part of the safety management system (SMS) framework that the FAA uses to mitigate risks associated with aircrew certification training and testing.

 

ACS, associated guidance, and test question components of the aircrew certification system are constructed around the 4 functional components of an SMS:

1. Safety Policy - aeronautical knowledge,  risk management, and flight proficiency as integrated components of the aircrew certification system;

2. Safety Risk Management - processes through which both internal and external stakeholders identify changes in regulations, safety recommendations, or other factors. These changes are then evaluated to determine whether they require modification of aircrew testing and training materials;

3. Safety Assurance - processes to ensure the prompt and appropriate incorporation of changes arising from new regulations and safety recommendations; and

4. Safety Promotion - ongoing engagement with both external stakeholders (e.g., the aviation training community) and FAA policy divisions

 

Historical Documents (for potential reference)

 

Feb 2012 - FAA Modernization and Reform Act (FMRA) - PL 112.95

PL 112-95, Title III, Subtitle B. In 2012, Congress passed the FAA Modernization and Reform Act of 2012, PL 112-95. Section 333 of PL 112-95 directed the Secretary of Transportation to determine whether UAS operations posing the least amount of public risk and no threat to national security could safely be operated in the NAS and, if so, to establish requirements for the safe operation of these systems in the NAS. As part of its ongoing efforts to integrate UAS operations in the NAS and in accordance with Section 333, in June 2016, the FAA issued a final rule adding part 107, integrating civil sUAS into the NAS. Part 107 allows sUAS operations for many different purposes without requiring airworthiness certification, exemption, or a Certificate of Waiver or Authorization (COA).

 

June 2016 - FAA finalized 14 CFR 107 (624-page document) governing commercial UAS operations in the US. The FAA addresses aviation safety in 3 key areas: personnel, equipment, and operations. The FAA assesses each of these areas both independently to meet current regulations and standards, as well as collectively to ensure no conflicts exist overall that would create an unsafe condition. This approach allows the FAA to be flexible in responding to the needs of the aviation community while still being able to establish standards for future growth and development. Part 107 contains subparts that focus on each of these key aviation safety areas specific to sUAS, and the chapters in the AC are organized in the same manner.

 

July 2016 - FAA Extension, Safety, and Security Act (FESSA) - PL 114-190

Aug 2016 - 14 CFR 107 went into effect

Aug 2016 - FAA-G-8082-22 - FAA Remote Pilot Study Guide went into effect

Oct 2018 - FAA Reauthorization Act - PL 115-254

April 2023 - FAA ORDER JO 7200.23D - went into effect

 

Feb 2021 - AC 107-2A - guidance to help teach you how to follow the rule

1.1 Purpose of This Advisory Circular (AC). This AC provides guidance in the areas of aircrew (remote pilot) certification, aircraft registration and marking, aircraft airworthiness, and the operation of sUAS in the National Airspace System (NAS) to promote compliance with the requirements of Title 14 of the Code of Federal Regulations (14 CFR) part 107.

1.1.1  Effects of Guidance. The contents of this document do not have the force and effect of law and are not meant to bind the public in any way. This document is intended only to provide clarity to the public regarding existing requirements under the law or agency policies. It does not provide, nor is it intended to provide, a legal interpretation of the regulations. This AC uses mandatory terms, such as “must,” when the language is describing an established statutory or regulatory requirement. This AC does not change, add to, or delete regulatory requirements or authorize deviations from regulatory requirements or restrictions.

1.1.2  Part 107 Provisions. This AC is not intended to cover every provision of part 107. Rather, this AC is intended to provide guidance on those provisions of part 107 where additional information may be helpful. The FAA emphasizes, however, that persons subject to part 107 are responsible for complying with every applicable provision of part 107, regardless of whether the provision is discussed in this AC.

1.1.3  Privacy-Related Laws. Part 107 operators should be aware that State and local authorities may enact privacy-related laws specific to UAS operations. The FAA encourages sUAS operators to review those laws prior to operating their UAS. The National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA) has also published the Voluntary Best Practices for UAS Privacy, Transparency, and Accountability (dated
May 18, 2016). This document outlines and describes voluntary best practices that sUAS operators could take to advance UAS privacy, transparency, and accountability for the private and commercial use of UAS.

FAA legal interpretation of the term "congested area"
simmons - (2010) legal interpretation.pd[...]
Adobe Acrobat document [47.2 KB]
My annotated copy of the part 107 preamble which contains many explanations for why the law was written the way it was, together with the FAA's interpretation of "sparsely populated"
RIN_2120-AJ60_Clean_Signed with Nilsson [...]
Adobe Acrobat document [2.2 MB]

The goal of the aircrew certification process is to ensure the applicant possesses knowledge consistent with the privileges of the Remote Pilot Certificate with sUAS rating, as well as the ability to manage the risks of flight in order to act as a remote PIC.

In fulfilling its responsibilities for the aircrew certification process, the FAA Flight Standards Service (AFS) plans, develops, and maintains materials related to aircrew certification testing. These materials include several components.

 

The FAA Knowledge Test measures mastery of the aeronautical knowledge areas listed in 14 CFR Part 89 and 14 CFR Part 107.

Other materials, such as aircrew knowledge testing supplements in the FAA-CT-8080 series and FAA online training, provide guidance to applicants on aeronautical knowledge and risk management.

FAA recognizes that safe operations in today's complex NAS require a more systematic integration of aeronautical knowledge and risk management. FAA further recognizes the need to more clearly calibrate knowledge and risk management to the level of the Remote Pilot Certificate with sUAS rating.

The ACS integrates the elements of knowledge and risk management in 14 CFR Part 89 and 14 CFR Part 107 for a Remote Pilot Certificate with sUAS rating. It thus forms the comprehensive standard for what an applicant knows and considers to successfully complete eash Task tested on the knowledge test.

In keeping with this integrated and systematic approach, the knowledge Task elements of each Task identify what the applicant should know and understand for sUAS operations conducted under 14 CFR Part 89 and 14 CFR Part 107. The applicant demonstrates this understanding by passing the knowledge test.

 

ACS includes Areas of Operation and Tasks for the Issuance of a Remote Pilot Certificate with sUAS rating in accordance with 14 CFR 107.65.

Each Area of Operation is further broken down into Tasks

Each Task is coded according to a scheme that includes 4 elements 

The elements are then even further broken down into Task Element Knowledge

e.g. UA.I.B.K10:

UA   = Applicable ACS (Uncrewed Aircraft Systems)

I      = Area of Operation (Regulations)

B     = Task (Operating Rules)

K10 = Task Element Knowledge 10 (Visual line of sight (VLOS) aircraft operations)

 

At the conclusion of a knowledge test, an applicant is given their Knowledge Test Report (KTR) which lists the applicant's name, date of the test, the type of test, a unique test identification number, the score, and ACS Codes for questions that were answered incorrectly. The printed ACS Codes guide the applicant to the area(s) that were found to be deficient in the test. The codes are found in April 2021 - FAA-S-ACS-10B - Remote Pilot - sUAS - Aircrew Certification Standards (ACS).

FAA encourages applicants to use the ACS as a reference while preparing for the certification aircrew knowledge test.

For those applicants who do not pass the knowledge test for certification, remedial instruction and an enforsement from an instructor is NOT required for retesting.

 

Applicants who do not meet the requirements in 14 CFR 107.61(d)(2) must pass the knowledge test before applying for a Remote Pilot Certificate with an sUAS rating. 

Free FAA training on the FAA Safety Team website:

- Current Part 61 certificate holders are eligible to take ALC-451

- Part 107 remote pilots who are also certificated and current under Part 61 are eligible to take ALC-515

- Part 107 remote pilot certification holders (regardless of currency) are eligible to take ALC-677

 

The 2-hour certification knowledge test consists of 60 objective, multiple-choice questions

single correct response for each test question

- each test question is independent of other questions

- correct response to one question does not depend upon, or influence, the correct response to another

 

Practice tests are available at PSI Services, LLC

The FAA-CT-8080-2H, Aircrew Knowledge Testing Supplement for Sport Pilot, Recreational Pilot, Remote Pilot, and Private Pilot contains the supplemental graphics necessary to assist in answering any question on a Remote Pilot Certification (UAG) knowledge test.

You should become very familiar with this supplement prior to taking the test.

 

 

2022 October - Flight Standards Information Management System (FSIMS) - 8900.1

Volume 16. UAS

 

16-1-1-1    PURPOSE. This volume provides information and policy guidance regarding how civil UAS operators, public UAS operators, and model aircraft operators are authorized to conduct flight operations in a manner which complies with the applicable Title 14 of the Code of Federal Regulations (14 CFR).

Indicates new/changed information.

16-1-1-3    AUDIENCE. The primary audience for this volume is Flight Standards Service aviation safety inspectors (ASI), aviation safety technicians (AST), their managers and supervisors, and other operational and administrative employees. The aviation industry and the general public may find this volume helpful for informational and planning purposes.

16-1-1-5    POLICY. To operate in the NAS, pilots and operators of UAS must demonstrate compliance with the applicable parts of 14 CFR, including 14 CFR part 11 grants of exemption, and/or Certificates of Waiver or Authorization (CoW/A).

16-1-1-7    UAS INTEGRATION.

A.    Diverse Purposes. UAS come in a variety of shapes and sizes and serve diverse purposes. They may weigh more than 10,000 pounds or less than 1 pound. UAS weighing less than 55 pounds total takeoff weight are considered by statute and regulation to be “small UAS.” Regardless of size, the responsibility of a pilot to fly safely and within the regulatory construct applies equally to all aircraft operations.

B.    Significant Challenges. Introducing UAS operations into the NAS remains a significant challenge for the FAA as well as the aviation community, because they are inherently different from crewed aircraft. As of the date of this change, UAS NAS integration has included:

1)    The issuance of CoW/As to public and civil aircraft operators, as applicable;
2)    The issuance of Special Airworthiness Certificates for civil UAS operations to include specific operating conditions and limitations;
3)    The issuance of part 11 grants of exemptions for sUAS (less than 55 pounds) operations without an Airworthiness Certificate (also known as Public Law (PL) 112-95, section 333 Exemptions) and larger UAS that include specific conditions and limitations;

Indicates new/changed information.

4)    SUAS operations conducted under 14 CFR part 107, including part 107 Certificates of Waiver (CoW) and Certificates of Authorization (CoA); and
5)    Model Aircraft operations that are conducted in accordance with PL 112-95, section 336, and 14 CFR part 101 subpart E.

16-1-1-9    APPLICABILITY AND AUTHORIZATION CRITERIA. The applicability and authorization for UAS operations are dependent on whether the operations are civil, public or model aircraft (part 101) and the UAS operation being within the territorial airspace of the United States (the airspace above the contiguous United States, Alaska, Hawaii, U.S. territories, and U.S. territorial waters). UAS operations outside the territorial airspace of the United States will be classified as either state or civil operations in accordance with international law.

16-1-1-11    TYPES OF UAS OPERATORS.

A.    Civil. Civil aircraft operations must be conducted in accordance with one of the following:

Indicates new/changed information.

1)    Part 107 sUAS. Part 107, sUAS weighing less than 55 pounds, including those provisions of part 107 that are waived through a CoW/A.
2)    Exemptions. Exemptions issued under section 333.
3)    Special Airworthiness Certificate. Special Airworthiness Certificate issued by the FAA Aircraft Certification Service (AIR), including operational limitations.

NOTE:  Special Airworthiness Certificates will be coordinated through the Delegation and Organizational Procedure Branch (AIR-160) staff with assistance from Air Traffic Organization (ATO) and Flight Standards Service for final approval and disposition.

Indicates new/changed information.

4)    Type Certification. Type certificate (TC) issued by AIR signifying the airworthiness of an aircraft manufacturing design. The certificate is issued by a regulating body and once issued, the design cannot be changed.

Indicates new/changed information.

5)    Other Certifications. Certificates issued for part 135, part 137, and other certifications applicable to the operational conditions.
6)    Model Aircraft. UAS operated for hobby or recreation must be conducted in accordance with one of the following:
a)    Part 101 subpart E Model Aircraft.
b)    Part 107 sUAS, including any provisions of part 107 that are waived through a CoW.
c)    Part 11 grants of exemption.

Indicates new/changed information.

B.    Public. A public aircraft operation is one that is intrinsically governmental in nature usually conducted by Federal, State and local government agencies. Refer to Advisory Circular (AC) 00-1.1, Public Aircraft Operations.

Indicates new/changed information.

1)    COA online application process, which can be found at the FAA COA Application Processing System website: https://caps.faa.gov. COA online applications for UAS flight operational approvals are processed through ATO and coordinated with Aviation Safety (AVS).
2)    Part 107 sUAS provided that all of the provisions of part 107 are complied with, including any provisions of part 107 that are waived through a CoW.
3)    Part 11 grants of exemption.

16-1-1-13    ADDITIONAL INFORMATION. You may find additional information regarding UAS regulations and policies at https://www.faa.gov/uas/.

 

Certification Knowledge Test

5 main

Areas of Operation in total, some more complex than others

UA.I - Regulations 

UA.II - Airspace Classification and Operating Requirements

UA.III - Weather

UA.IV - Loading and Performance

UA.V - Operations

 

Your study outline

UA.I - Regulations 

15-25% of items on Certification Knowledge Test 

UA.I.A - Task A. General 

Objective: To determine that the applicant is knowledgeable in the general regulatory requirements of 14 CFR Part 89 and 14 CFR Part 107. 

UA.I.A.K1 - Applicability of 14 CFR Part 107 to sUA operations

UA.I.A.K2 - Definitions used in 14 CFR Part 107

UA.I.A.K3 - Ramifications of falsification, reproduction, or alteration of a certificate, rating, authorization, record, or report

UA.I.A.K4 - Accident reporting

UA.I.A.K5 - Inspection, testing, and demonstration of compliance

UA.I.A.K6 - Multiple category sUAS

UA.I.A.K7 - Record retention

UA.I.A.K8 - Previously manufactured sUAS

 

UA.I.B - Task B. Operating Rules

Objective: To determine that the applicant is knowledgeable of the operating rules of 14 CFR Part 89 and 14 CFR Part 107, the registration rules of 14 CFR Part 47 and 14 CFR Part 48, and other associated operating requirements.

UA.I.B.K1 - Registration requirements for sUAS

UA.I.B.K2 - Requirement for the sUAS to be in a condition for safe operation

UA.I.B.K3 - Medical condition(s) that would interfere with safe operation of an sUAS

UA.I.B.K4 - Responsibility and authority of the remote PIC

UA.I.B.K4a - Allowing a person other than the remote PIC to manipulate the flight controls

UA.I.B.K5 - Regulatory deviation and reporting requirements for in-flight emergencies

UA.I.B.K6 - Hazardous operations

UA.I.B.K6a - Careless or reckless

UA.I.B.K6b - Dropping an object

UA.I.B.K7 - Operating from a moving aircraft or moving land- or water-borne vehicle

UA.I.B.K8 - Alcohol or drugs and the provisions on prohibition of use

UA.I.B.K9 - Daylight operations

UA.I.B.K10 - Visual line of sight (VLOS) aircraft operations

UA.I.B.K11 - Requirements when a visual observer is used

UA.I.B.K12 - Prohibition of operating multiple sUAS

UA.I.B.K13 - Prohibition of carrying hazardous material

UA.I.B.K14 - Staying safely away from other aircraft and right-of-way rules

UA.I.B.K14a - See and avoid other aircraft and other potential hazard considerations of the remote PIC

UA.I.B.K15 - Operations over human beings - see Area of Operation I, Task E

UA.I.B.K16 - Prior authorization required for operation in certain airspace

UA.I.B.K17 - Operating in the vicinity of airports

UA.I.B.K18 - Operating in prohibited or restricted areas

UA.I.B.K19 - Flight restrictions in the proximity of certain areas designated by notice to air mission (NOTAM)

UA.I.B.K20 - Preflight familiarization, inspection, and actions for aircraft operations

UA.I.B.K21 - Operating limitations for sUAS

UA.I.B.K21a - Maximum groundspeed

UA.I.B.K21b - Altitude limitations

UA.I.B.K21c - Minimum visibility

UA.I.B.K21d - Cloud clearance requirements

UA.I.B.K22 - Requirements for a Remote Pilot Certificate with an sUAS rating

UA.I.B.K23 - Automated operations

UA.I.B.K24 - Civil twilight operations

UA.I.B.K25 - Night operations

UA.I.B.K26 - Transportation of property

UA.I.B.K27 - ATC transponder equipment prohibition

UA.I.B.K28 - ADS-B out prohibition

 

UA.I.C - Task C. Remote Pilot Certification with an sUAS rating 

Objective: To determine that the applicant is knowledgeable in the requirements associated with remote pilot certification with an sUAS rating. 

UA.I.C.K1 - Offenses involving alcohol or drugs

UA.I.C.K2 - Consequences of refusing to submit to a drug or alcohol test or to furnish test results

UA.I.C.K3 - Eligibility requirements for a Remote Pilot Certificate with an sUAS rating

UA.I.C.K4 - Aeronautical knowledge recency

 

UA.I.D - Task D. Waivers

Objective: To determine that the applicant is knowledgeable of the FAA waiver policy and requirements. 

UA.I.D.K1 - Waiver policy and requirements

 

UA.I.E - Task E. Operations over People 

Objective: To determine that the applicant is knowledgeable of the operating rules of 14 CFR Part 89 and 14 CFR Part 107, and the associated operating requirements when operating over people. 

UA.I.E.K1 - Remote pilot responsibilities when operating over people

UA.I.E.K2 - Operations over people at night

UA.I.E.K3 - Category of operations, including:

UA.I.E.K3a - Category 1

UA.I.E.K3b - Category 2

UA.I.E.K3c - Category 3

UA.I.E.K3d - Category 4

UA.I.E.K4 - Selecting an operational area

UA.I.E.K5 - Minimum distances from a person

UA.I.E.K6 - Operations over moving vehicles

UA.I.E.K7 - Modifications to an sUAS

UA.I.E.K8 - Closed and restricted access sites

UA.I.E.K9 - Remote pilot operating limitations

UA.I.E.K10 - Required components and Category declaration

UA.I.E.K11 - Optional components

UA.I.E.K12 - Applicant produced, designed, or modified sUAS for operations over people

UA.I.E.K13 - Declaration of Compliance (DoC)

UA.I.E.K14 - Maintenance of an sUAS that is eligible for operations over people

UA.I.E.K15 - Means of Compliance (MoC)

UA.I.E.K16 - Impact kinetic energy

UA.I.E.K17 - Exposed rotating parts

 

UA.I.F - Task F. Remote Identification (RID)

Objective: To determine the applicant exhibits satisfactory knowledge associated with operating rules of 14 CFR Part 89 and their associated operating requirements.

UA.I.F.K1 - Standard remote identification

UA.I.F.K2 - Alternative remote identification

UA.I.F.K3 - Operations for aeronautical research

UA.I.F.K4 - ADS-B out

UA.I.F.K5 - Confirmation of identification

UA.I.F.K6 - Minimum message elements broadcast for remote identification

UA.I.F.K7 - Product labeling

 

UA.II - Airspace Classification and Operating Requirements 

15-25% of items on Certification Knowledge Test 

UA.II.A - Task A. Airspace Classification

Objective: To determine that the applicant is knowledgeble in airspace classification. 

UA.II.A.K1 - General airspace:

UA.II.A.K1a - Class B controlled airspace

UA.II.A.K1b - Class C controlled airspace

UA.II.A.K1c - Class D controlled airspace

UA.II.A.K1d - Class E controlled airspace

UA.II.A.K1e - Class G uncontrolled airspace

UA.II.A.K2 - Special-use airspace, such as prohibited, restricted, warning areas, military operation areas, alert areas, and controlled firing areas

UA.II.A.K3 - Other airspace areas, such as Airport Advisory Services, Military Training Routes (MTRs), Temporary Flight Restrictions (TFRs), Parachute Jump Operations, Terminal Radar Service Areas (TRSAs), National Security Areas (NSAs), and Visual Flight Rules (VFR) routes.

UA.II.A.K4 - Air Traffic Control (ATC) and the NAS

 

UA.II.B - Task B. Airspace Operational Requirements

Objective: To determine that the applicant is knowledgeable of airspace operational requirements. 

UA.II.B.K1 - Basic weather minimums

UA.II.B.K2 - ATC authorizations and related operating limitations

UA.II.B.K3 - Operations near airports

UA.II.B.K4 - Potential flight hazards

UA.II.B.K4a - Common aircraft accident causal factors

UA.II.B.K4b - Avoid flight beneath uncrewed balloons

UA.II.B.K4c - Emergency airborne inspection of other aircraft

UA.II.B.K4d - Precipitation static 

UA.II.B.K4e - Light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation (LASER) operations and reporting illumination of aircraft

UA.II.B.K4f - Avoiding flight in the vicinity of thermal plumes such as smoke stacks and cooling towers

UA.II.B.K4g - Flying in the wire environment

UA.II.B.K5 - The NOTAM system, including how to obtain an established NOTAM through Flight Service

UA.II.B.K6 - Operator equipment for night flying

UA.II.B.K7 - Ground structures and ground structure lighting

UA.II.B.K8 - Hazards on the ground that do not have lighting

UA.II.B.K9 - Crewed aircraft lighting

UA.II.B.K10 - sUAS lighting requirements

 

UA.III - Weather

11-16% of items on Certification Knowledge Test   

UA.III.A - Task A. Sources of Weather

Objective: To determine that the applicant is knowledgeable in sources of weather information.

UA.III.A.K1 - Internet weather briefing and sources of weather available for flight planning purposes

UA.III.A.K2 - Aviation routine weather reports (METAR)

UA.III.A.K3 - Terminal aerodrome forecasts (TAF)

UA.III.A.K4 - Weather charts

UA.III.A.K5 - Automated surface observing systems (ASOS) and automated weather observing systems (AWOS)  

 

UA.III.B - Task B. Effects of Weather on Performance

Objective: To determine that the applicant is knowledgeable of the effects of weather on performance.

UA.III.B.K1 - Weather factors and their effects on performance

UA.III.B.K1a - Density altitude

UA.III.B.K1b - Wind and currents

UA.III.B.K1c - Atmospheric stability, pressure, and temperature

UA.III.B.K1d - Air masses and fronts

UA.III.B.K1e - Thunderstorms and microbursts

UA.III.B.K1f - Tornadoes

UA.III.B.K1g - Icing

UA.III.B.K1h - Hail

UA.III.B.K1i - Fog

UA.III.B.K1j - Ceiling and visibility

UA.III.B.K1k - Lightning

 

UA.IV - Loading and Performance

7-11% of items on Certification Knowledge Test

UA.IV.A - Task A. Loading and Performance

Objective: To determine that the applicant is knowledgeable in the loading and performance of an sUAS.

UA.IV.A.K1 - General loading and performance, including:

UA.IV.A.K1a - Effects of loading changes

UA.IV.A.K1b - Balance, stability, and center of gravity

UA.IV.A.K2 - Importance and use of performance data to calculate the effect on the aircraft's performance of an sUAS 

UA.V - Operations

35-45% of items on Certification Knowledge Test

UA.V.A - Task A. Radio Communications Procedures 

Objective: To determine that the applicant is knowledgeable in radio communication procedures. 

UA.V.A.K1 - Airport operations with and without an operating control tower

UA.V.A.K2 - Description and use of a Common Traffic Advisory Frequency (CTAF) to monitor crewed aircraft communications

UA.V.A.K3 - Recommended traffic advisory procedures used by crewed aircraft pilots such as self-announcing of position and intentions

UA.V.A.K4 - Aeronautical advisory communication station (UNICOM) and associated communication procedures used by crewed aircraft pilots

UA.V.A.K5 - Automatic Terminal Information Service (ATIS)

UA.V.A.K6 - Aircraft call signs and registration numbers

UA.V.A.K7 - The phonetic alphabet

UA.V.A.K8 - Phraseology: altitudes, directions, speed, and time

 

UA.V.B - Task B. Airport Operations

Objective: To determine that the applicant is knowledgeable in airport operations. 

UA.V.B.K1 - Types of airports such as towered, uncontrolled towered, heliport, and seaplane bases

UA.V.B.K2 - ATC towers, such as ensuring the remote pilot can monitor and interpret ATC communications to improve situational awareness

UA.V.B.K3 - Runway markings and signage

UA.V.B.K4 - Traffic patterns used by crewed aircraft pilots

UA.V.B.K5 - Security Identification Display Areas (SIDA)

UA.V.B.K6 - Sources for airport data

UA.V.B.K6a - Aeronautical charts

UA.V.B.K6b - Chart Supplements

UA.V.B.K7 - Avoiding bird and wildlife hazards and reporting collisions between aircraft and wildlife

UA.V.B.K8 - Airport and seaplane base lighting

 

UA.V.C - Task C. Emergency Procedures 

Objective: To determine that the applicant is knowledgeable in sUAS emergency procedures. 

UA.V.C.K1 - Emergency planning and communication

UA.V.C.K2 - Characteristics and potential hazards of lithium batteries

UA.V.C.K2a - Safe transportation such as proper inspection and handling

UA.V.C.K2b - Safe charging

UA.V.C.K2c - Safe usage

UA.V.C.K2d - Risks of fires involving lithium batteries

UA.V.C.K3 - Loss of aircraft control link and fly-aways

UA.V.C.K4 - Loss of Global Positioning System (GPS) signal during flight and potential consequences

UA.V.C.K5 - Frequency spectrums and associated limitations

UA.V.C.K6 - Procedures for operations over people

UA.V.C.K7 - Procedures for operations at night

 

UA.V.D - Task D. Aeronautical Decision-Making

Objective: To determine that the applicant is knowledgeable in aeronautical decision-making. 

UA.V.D.K1 - Aeronautical decision-making

UA.V.D.K1a - Effective team communication

UA.V.D.K1b - Task management

UA.V.D.K2 - Crew Resource Management (CRM)

UA.V.D.K3 - Situational awareness

UA.V.D.K4 - Hazardous attitudes

UA.V.D.K5 - Hazard identification and risk assessment

 

UA.V.E - Task E. Physiology 

Objective: To determine that the applicant is knowledgeable in the physiological factors affecting remote pilot performance. 

UA.V.E.K1 - Physiological considerations and their effects on safety such as dehydration and heatstroke

UA.V.E.K2 - Drug and alcohol use

UA.V.E.K3 - Prescription and over-the-counter medication

UA.V.E.K4 - Hyperventilation

UA.V.E.K5 - Stress and fatigue

UA.V.E.K6 - Factors affecting vision

UA.V.E.K7 - Fitness for flight

UA.V.E.K8 - Physiological aspects of night operation

UA.V.E.K9 - Night illusions

 

UA.V.F - Task F. Maintenance and Inspection Procedures

Objective: To determine that the applicant is knowledgeable in sUAS maintenance and inspection procedures. 

UA.V.F.K1 - Basic maintenance

UA.V.F.K2 - Preflight inspection

UA.V.F.K3 - Techniques to mitigate mechanical failures of all elements used in sUAS operations such as the battery and any device(s) used to operate the sUAS

UA.V.F.K4 - Appropriate record keeping

UA.V.F.K5 - Persons that may perform maintenance on a sUAS

UA.V.F.K6 - Preflight inspection for night operations

UA.V.F.K7 - Manufacturer's Declaration of Compliance for Category 2 and 3 operations

 

Speaking from the standpoint of a seasoned pilot I would like to recommend at this point a free AOPA membership (good for 6 months) so that you can reap the benefits of the Air Safety Institute Interactive modules at several points in this course (these will be denoted by name in message boxes much like this one).

Contact Me

Sarah Nilsson, J.D., Ph.D., MAS

 

602 561 8665

 

sarah@sarahnilsson.org

 

You can also fill out my 

online form.

 

 

DronePro

Get Social with Me

View Sarah J. Nilsson's profile on LinkedIn

 

 

Legal Disclaimer

The information on this website is for EDUCATIONAL purposes only and DOES NOT constitute legal advice. 

While the author of this website is an attorney, she is not YOUR attorney, nor are you her client, until you enter into a written agreement with Nilsson Law, PLLC to provide legal services.

In no event shall Sarah Nilsson be liable for any special, indirect, or consequential damages relating to this material, for any use of this website, or for any other hyperlinked website.

 

 

Steward of 

Little Free Library

 

 

I endorse the following products

KENNON (sun shields)

Print | Sitemap
© Sarah Nilsson